A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks

Zhou, Enping; Kobayashi, Makoto; Fujihashi, Takuya; Alim, Md Abdul; Saruwatari, Shunsuke; Nishi, Masahiro; Watanabe, Takashi

doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3505921

A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks

Zhou, Enping; Kobayashi, Makoto; Fujihashi, Takuya et al.

IEEE Access, 2024, 12, 176210-176231

アクセス数:676件（2025-09-16 17:11 集計）

固定URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11094/101081

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タイトル	A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks
著者	著者名 Zhou, Enping
	NRID 1000000843509 1000000843509 著者名 Kobayashi, Makoto
	NRID 1000010785520 1000010785520 ORCID 0000-0002-6960-0122 0000-0002-6960-0122 researchmap permalink T-Fujihashi T-Fujihashi Scopus Author ID 55440476600 55440476600 著者名 Fujihashi, Takuya
	著者名 Alim, Md Abdul
	NRID 1000050507811 1000050507811 ORCID 0000-0002-1625-5521 0000-0002-1625-5521 researchmap permalink 7000000880 7000000880 Scopus Author ID 8355704500 8355704500 著者名 Saruwatari, Shunsuke
	NRID 1000030316137 1000030316137 著者名 Nishi, Masahiro
	著者名 Watanabe, Takashi
キーワード等	multibeam
	NOMA
	Non-Terrestrial network
	reliable multicast
	streaming service
内容	Zhou E., Kobayashi M., Fujihashi T., et al. A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks. IEEE Access 12, 176210 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3505921.
抄録	With the increasing popularity of extended reality (XR) applications in sixth-generation (6G) communication systems, the demand for low-latency and reliable global communication is increasing. Non-Terrestrial networks (NTNs) have been explored as potential solutions to meet these requirements. However, NTNs present unique challenges such as long propagation delays, satellite movement, and handovers, which make media access control (MAC) protocols a critical topic. This paper proposes an NTN reliable multicast (NTN-RM) protocol designed for networks comprising multiple low earth orbit (LEO) satellites, high-Altitude platforms (HAPs), and user equipment (UE). NTN-RM employs multibeam cellularization to efficiently cover the satellite area by dividing it into independent cells and uses HAP overhearing along with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to minimize retransmission delays. Additionally, a queue control scheme was developed to ensure seamless NOMA retransmissions, and a beam angle adjustment and handover method was designed to effectively manage satellite handovers. Simulation results based on 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) releases demonstrate that NTN-RM reduces the mean latency by approximately 23% and decreases jitter by approximately 75.8% compared to the conventional LEO direct transmission method. Additionally, NTN-RM improves reliability by approximately 3.2-8.5% compared to recent reliable multicast protocols and exhibits robust network capacity as the number of UE increases from 10-2 to 108. These results suggest that NTN-RM is a more suitable approach for reliable multicast in NTNs. Based on the latency results, a LEO satellite density greater than 5× 10-6 LEO/km2 is recommended for multicast applications in NTNs.
出版者	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
収録物名	IEEE Access
巻(号)	12
ページ	176210-176231
刊行年月	2024-12-04
言語	英語
ハンドルURL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/101081
eISSN	21693536
関連情報 (isIdenticalTo)	DOI (出版社版) https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3505921
アクセス権	open access
権利情報	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
出版タイプ	Version of Record
カテゴリ	学術雑誌論文 Journal Article

資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
ローカル資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
DCMI資源タイプ	text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	IEEE Access. 2024, 12, p. 176210-176231
DC.title	A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks
DC.creator	Zhou, Enping
	Kobayashi, Makoto
	Fujihashi, Takuya
	Alim, Md Abdul
	Saruwatari, Shunsuke
	Nishi, Masahiro
	Watanabe, Takashi
DC.publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	英語
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2024-12-04
DC.identifier	https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3505921
DC.subject	multibeam
	NOMA
	Non-Terrestrial network
	reliable multicast
	streaming service
DC.description	Zhou E., Kobayashi M., Fujihashi T., et al. A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks. IEEE Access 12, 176210 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3505921.
DCTERMS.abstract	With the increasing popularity of extended reality (XR) applications in sixth-generation (6G) communication systems, the demand for low-latency and reliable global communication is increasing. Non-Terrestrial networks (NTNs) have been explored as potential solutions to meet these requirements. However, NTNs present unique challenges such as long propagation delays, satellite movement, and handovers, which make media access control (MAC) protocols a critical topic. This paper proposes an NTN reliable multicast (NTN-RM) protocol designed for networks comprising multiple low earth orbit (LEO) satellites, high-Altitude platforms (HAPs), and user equipment (UE). NTN-RM employs multibeam cellularization to efficiently cover the satellite area by dividing it into independent cells and uses HAP overhearing along with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to minimize retransmission delays. Additionally, a queue control scheme was developed to ensure seamless NOMA retransmissions, and a beam angle adjustment and handover method was designed to effectively manage satellite handovers. Simulation results based on 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) releases demonstrate that NTN-RM reduces the mean latency by approximately 23% and decreases jitter by approximately 75.8% compared to the conventional LEO direct transmission method. Additionally, NTN-RM improves reliability by approximately 3.2-8.5% compared to recent reliable multicast protocols and exhibits robust network capacity as the number of UE increases from 10-2 to 108. These results suggest that NTN-RM is a more suitable approach for reliable multicast in NTNs. Based on the latency results, a LEO satellite density greater than 5× 10-6 LEO/km2 is recommended for multicast applications in NTNs.
DC.rights	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
DC.format	101081
citation_title	A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks
citation_author	Zhou, Enping
	Kobayashi, Makoto
	Fujihashi, Takuya
	Alim, Md Abdul
	Saruwatari, Shunsuke
	Nishi, Masahiro
	Watanabe, Takashi
citation_publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
citation_language	英語
citation_date	2024-12-04
citation_journal_title	IEEE Access
citation_volume	12
citation_firstpage	176210
citation_lastpage	176231
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3505921
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/101081

A Reliable Multicast Protocol for Streaming Services in Non-Terrestrial Networks

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