Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission

Ishida, Kai; Ishida, Tomomi; Nittono, Hiroshi

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.013

Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission

Ishida, Kai; Ishida, Tomomi; Nittono, Hiroshi

Cortex, 2025, 192, 64-77

アクセス数:4件（2025-11-06 08:12 集計）

固定URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11094/102879

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タイトル	Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission
著者	NRID 1000081014008 1000081014008 ORCID 0000-0001-6485-0950 0000-0001-6485-0950 researchmap permalink music-brain-psycho23 music-brain-psycho23 Scopus Author ID 57226548915 57226548915 著者名 Ishida, Kai
	ORCID 0009-0003-6589-3620 0009-0003-6589-3620 researchmap permalink tomomiishida tomomiishida Scopus Author ID 58686276300 58686276300 著者名 Ishida, Tomomi
	NRID 1000020304371 1000020304371 ORCID 0000-0001-5671-609X 0000-0001-5671-609X researchmap permalink hiroshinittono hiroshinittono Scopus Author ID 8131491700 8131491700 著者名 Nittono, Hiroshi
キーワード等	Decoding
	Heartbeat evoked potential
	Musical timbre
	Omitted stimulus potential
	Prediction error
	Predictive coding
内容	Ishida K., Ishida T., Nittono H.. Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission. Cortex 192, 64 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.013.
抄録	The human brain predicts various musical features such as harmony, melody, and rhythm during music perception. A previous electroencephalographic (EEG) study showed that the accuracy of pitch decoding during tone omission was greater when the pitch of the melody was highly predictable than when it was less predictable, reflecting that predictive information of a specific pitch is contained in the EEG signal. However, the specificity of prediction for other musical features has not been fully addressed. The present study investigated whether predicted instruments are decoded from the EEG signal during omission to examine the specificity of prediction in the timbre dimension. Thirty-five participants listened to unfamiliar melodies with simple (high predictability) or complex (low predictability) timbre change rules while watching a silent movie. The EEG was recorded when a tone expected to be played by one of four specific timbres (celesta, electric piano, marimba, organ) was omitted. The results showed that the amplitude of an omitted stimulus potential, oN1, did not differ between high and low predictability conditions. However, the support vector machine was able to decode the type of musical timbre during omission better than random chance in the high predictability condition but not in the low predictability condition. These results suggest that EEG signals contain information about which instrument should be played during omission, but this information is not manifested in traditional event-related potentials. The brain may specifically predict not only the pitch but also other musical dimensions, such as the timbre, of the upcoming tone.
出版者	Masson SpA
収録物名	Cortex
巻(号)	192
ページ	64-77
刊行年月	2025-11-01
言語	英語
ハンドルURL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/102879
PISSN	00109452
eISSN	19738102
関連情報 (isIdenticalTo)	DOI (出版社版) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.013
アクセス権	open access
権利情報	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
出版タイプ	Version of Record
カテゴリ	学術雑誌論文 Journal Article

資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
ローカル資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
DCMI資源タイプ	text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	Cortex. 2025, 192, p. 64-77
DC.title	Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission
DC.creator	Ishida, Kai
	Ishida, Tomomi
	Nittono, Hiroshi
DC.publisher	Masson SpA
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	英語
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2025-11-01
DC.identifier	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.013
DC.subject	Decoding
	Heartbeat evoked potential
	Musical timbre
	Omitted stimulus potential
	Prediction error
	Predictive coding
DC.description	Ishida K., Ishida T., Nittono H.. Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission. Cortex 192, 64 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.013.
DCTERMS.abstract	The human brain predicts various musical features such as harmony, melody, and rhythm during music perception. A previous electroencephalographic (EEG) study showed that the accuracy of pitch decoding during tone omission was greater when the pitch of the melody was highly predictable than when it was less predictable, reflecting that predictive information of a specific pitch is contained in the EEG signal. However, the specificity of prediction for other musical features has not been fully addressed. The present study investigated whether predicted instruments are decoded from the EEG signal during omission to examine the specificity of prediction in the timbre dimension. Thirty-five participants listened to unfamiliar melodies with simple (high predictability) or complex (low predictability) timbre change rules while watching a silent movie. The EEG was recorded when a tone expected to be played by one of four specific timbres (celesta, electric piano, marimba, organ) was omitted. The results showed that the amplitude of an omitted stimulus potential, oN1, did not differ between high and low predictability conditions. However, the support vector machine was able to decode the type of musical timbre during omission better than random chance in the high predictability condition but not in the low predictability condition. These results suggest that EEG signals contain information about which instrument should be played during omission, but this information is not manifested in traditional event-related potentials. The brain may specifically predict not only the pitch but also other musical dimensions, such as the timbre, of the upcoming tone.
DC.rights	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
DC.format	102879
citation_title	Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission
citation_author	Ishida, Kai
	Ishida, Tomomi
	Nittono, Hiroshi
citation_publisher	Masson SpA
citation_language	英語
citation_date	2025-11-01
citation_journal_title	Cortex
citation_volume	192
citation_firstpage	64
citation_lastpage	77
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.013
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/102879

Which instrument should play here? Decoding predicted musical timbre from EEG signals during omission

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