Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW

Le, Dang Khoi; Tashiro, Shinichi; Nguyen, Kieu Anh Duong; Trinh, Quang Ngoc; Suga, Tetsuo; Sawamura, Naoki; Fukuda, Kazuhiro; Sasakura, Shuji; Mendez, Patricio Fernando; Murphy, Anthony B.; Bui, Van Hanh; Tanaka, Manabu

doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02482-3

Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW

Le, Dang Khoi; Tashiro, Shinichi; Nguyen, Kieu Anh Duong et al.

Welding in the World, 2026

アクセス数:496件（2026-10-24 20:11 集計）

固定URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11094/105118

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タイトル	Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW
著者	著者名 Le, Dang Khoi
	NRID 1000070432424 1000070432424 researchmap permalink d8dshw3z d8dshw3z Scopus Author ID 15833130200 15833130200 ORCID 0000-0001-5702-6998 0000-0001-5702-6998 著者名 Tashiro, Shinichi
	著者名 Nguyen, Kieu Anh Duong
	著者名 Trinh, Quang Ngoc
	ORCID 0000-0002-3759-2519 0000-0002-3759-2519 researchmap permalink TS2529 TS2529 Scopus Author ID 7201431992 7201431992 著者名 Suga, Tetsuo
	著者名 Sawamura, Naoki
	著者名 Fukuda, Kazuhiro
	著者名 Sasakura, Shuji
	著者名 Mendez, Patricio Fernando
	著者名 Murphy, Anthony B.
	著者名 Bui, Van Hanh
	NRID 1000020243272 1000020243272 researchmap permalink read0014392 read0014392 Scopus Author ID 25641191700 25641191700 著者名 Tanaka, Manabu
キーワード等	Flux column
	Flux ratio
	Flux-cored arc welding
	Iron content
	Metal column
	Metal transfer
内容	Le D.K., Tashiro S., Nguyen K.A.D., et al. Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW. Welding in the World (2026); https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02482-3.
抄録	This study investigates the role of the flux column in the metal transfer process of Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW). Three rutile-type wires with varying flux ratios were compared with metal-cored and solid wires under Ar-CO₂ shielding at 220—280 A. Transfer frequencies increased with current for all wires. At 280 A, FCAW and Metal‑Cored Arc Welding (MCAW) showed higher frequencies (142.9 and 240.5 Hz) than Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) (69.8 Hz). At 220 A, FCAW and MCAW showed similar frequencies (82.1 and 71.8 Hz) attributed to long flux or metal columns (un-melted metal core), which prevented neck formation by the Lorentz force. In the 250—280 A range, the MCAW frequency increased significantly, reaching 168% of FCAW, likely because melting shortened the metal column, allowing the Lorentz force to act more effectively on droplets. Increasing the flux ratio from 12 to 20% slightly reduced flux column length and increased frequency from 131.4 to 162.8 Hz at 280 A. The ratio of Wire Feed Speed (WFS) to transfer frequency was proportional to droplet diameter. WFS increased linearly with current for all wires. Droplet diameters decreased sharply for MCAW (1.60 to 1.20 mm) and GMAW (2.43 to 1.72 mm), but only slightly for FCAW (1.60 to 1.45 mm) in the 220—280 A range. Through comparisons of frequencies and WFSs, the former was a dominant factor for controlling droplet diameters. Consequently, the results suggest that the flux column length governs the droplet size in FCAW.
出版者	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
収録物名	Welding in the World
刊行年月	2026-05-12
言語	英語
ハンドルURL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/105118
PISSN	00432288
eISSN	18786669
関連情報 (isIdenticalTo)	DOI (出版社版) https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02482-3
アクセス権	open access
権利情報	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
出版タイプ	Version of Record
カテゴリ	学術雑誌論文 Journal Article

資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
ローカル資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
DCMI資源タイプ	text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	Welding in the World. 2026
DC.title	Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW
DC.creator	Le, Dang Khoi
	Tashiro, Shinichi
	Nguyen, Kieu Anh Duong
	Trinh, Quang Ngoc
	Suga, Tetsuo
	Sawamura, Naoki
	Fukuda, Kazuhiro
	Sasakura, Shuji
	Mendez, Patricio Fernando
	Murphy, Anthony B.
	Bui, Van Hanh
	Tanaka, Manabu
DC.publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	英語
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2026-05-12
DC.identifier	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02482-3
DC.subject	Flux column
	Flux ratio
	Flux-cored arc welding
	Iron content
	Metal column
	Metal transfer
DC.description	Le D.K., Tashiro S., Nguyen K.A.D., et al. Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW. Welding in the World (2026); https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02482-3.
DCTERMS.abstract	This study investigates the role of the flux column in the metal transfer process of Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW). Three rutile-type wires with varying flux ratios were compared with metal-cored and solid wires under Ar-CO₂ shielding at 220—280 A. Transfer frequencies increased with current for all wires. At 280 A, FCAW and Metal‑Cored Arc Welding (MCAW) showed higher frequencies (142.9 and 240.5 Hz) than Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) (69.8 Hz). At 220 A, FCAW and MCAW showed similar frequencies (82.1 and 71.8 Hz) attributed to long flux or metal columns (un-melted metal core), which prevented neck formation by the Lorentz force. In the 250—280 A range, the MCAW frequency increased significantly, reaching 168% of FCAW, likely because melting shortened the metal column, allowing the Lorentz force to act more effectively on droplets. Increasing the flux ratio from 12 to 20% slightly reduced flux column length and increased frequency from 131.4 to 162.8 Hz at 280 A. The ratio of Wire Feed Speed (WFS) to transfer frequency was proportional to droplet diameter. WFS increased linearly with current for all wires. Droplet diameters decreased sharply for MCAW (1.60 to 1.20 mm) and GMAW (2.43 to 1.72 mm), but only slightly for FCAW (1.60 to 1.45 mm) in the 220—280 A range. Through comparisons of frequencies and WFSs, the former was a dominant factor for controlling droplet diameters. Consequently, the results suggest that the flux column length governs the droplet size in FCAW.
DC.rights	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
DC.format	105118
citation_title	Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW
citation_author	Le, Dang Khoi
	Tashiro, Shinichi
	Nguyen, Kieu Anh Duong
	Trinh, Quang Ngoc
	Suga, Tetsuo
	Sawamura, Naoki
	Fukuda, Kazuhiro
	Sasakura, Shuji
	Mendez, Patricio Fernando
	Murphy, Anthony B.
	Bui, Van Hanh
	Tanaka, Manabu
citation_publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
citation_language	英語
citation_date	2026-05-12
citation_journal_title	Welding in the World
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02482-3
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/105118

Flux column effects on metal transfer mechanism in a rutile-type FCAW: insights from comparisons with MCAW and GMAW

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