Ghiselin's Species-as-Individuality Thesis and Reed's Ecological Approach

ギセリン ノ シュ ノ コブツセツ ト リード ノ セイタイガクテキ アプローチ

サコ, サトシ

Sako, Satoshi

オオサカ ダイガク ダイガクイン ニンゲン カガク ケンキュウカ シャカイガク ニンゲンガク ジンルイガク ケンキュウシツ

Sociology, Anthropology and Philosophy, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University

生態学的アプローチ

ギセリン

リード

進化論

species-as-individuality thesis

ecological approach

M. T. Ghiselin

E. S. Reed

the theory of evolution

Since J. J. Gibson advocated Ecological Psychology in 1960s, the ecological approaches have widely developed with aesthetics, linguistics and so on. Affordance, one of the central concepts in the ecological approaches, has been modified in some versions, and among them Reed’s version, in which the ecological approaches are linked with the theory of evolution, is the most important one. Reed mainly studied the theory of evolution and philosophy of biology in his early career and was greatly influenced by M.T. Ghiselin, who has adovocated the species-as-individuality thesis. Therefore Reed’s version occupies a special position in the ecological approaches. His version itself is very interesting, but his way of linking the ecological approaches with the theory of evolution is too rough-and-ready and obscure. In this paper, we survey Ghiselin’s speciesas- individuality thesis and then point out some problems of Reed’s version, which was developed toward the theory of evolution.