Challenges for Peaceful Co-existence between Refugees and the Host Population : The Case of Conflicts over Relocation of South Sudanese Refugees in Uganda

ナンミン　ト　ホスト　ジュウミン　ト　ノ　ヘイワテキ　キョウゾン　ニ　ムケタ　カダイ　ウガンダ　ニ　オケル　ミナミスーダン　ナンミン　ノ　イソウ　ヲ　メグル　コンフリクト　ノ　ジレイ　カラ

ムラハシ, イサオ

Murahashi, Isao

オオサカ ダイガク ミライ センリャク キコウ ダイゴ ブモン ミライ キョウセイ イノベーター ハクシ カテイ プログラム

内戦

西ナイル地方

難民居住地

難民開発援助

難民の移送

South Sudanese refugees

civil war

Uganda

developmental refugee assistance

relocation of refugees

South Sudan fell into civil war after December 2013, though it gained independence in July 2011. Armed conflicts between the forces loyal to the president and the rebels of the former vice president lasted for around 20 months. The peace agreement signed in August 2015 reduced battles temporarily. Peace was, however, not fully realized and fighting resumed in July 2016. The new civil war has created more than a million refugees up to the present date. Uganda ‘reopened’ a refugee settlement in Yumbe district to respond to the mass influx situation in August 2016. Uganda had been hosting refugees since the 1960s. The Ugandan government and UNHCR set a goal of establishing the self-reliance of refugees and the integration of refugees within the host population. They embarked upon the development-oriented assistance of refugees (developmental refugee assistance) in the 2000s. The Refugee and Host Population Empowerment (ReHoPE) strategy began in 2016 and has attracted much attention from the international community as a progressive solution for refugee issues. In August, I conducted fieldwork in several refugee settlements in Uganda. The conflicts between newly arrived refugees and the authorities could be observed during my research. Refugees refused to be relocated in the new settlement, while the government and UNHCR urged them to transfer. Conflicts between refugees and the host population in Yumbe were repeated after the 1980s. This article aims to reveal why refugees mistrust the authorities and fear the host population and to discuss the contradictions in Ugandan refugee policy and the possibility of peaceful co-existence between refugees and the host population on the basis of this case.