The Acceptance of Western evolutionism in Japan and China Through the prism of Hiroyuki Kato's idea of power state and Yan Fu's idea of "Qundao"

ニホン ト チュウゴク ニオケル サイオウ シンカロン ノ ジュヨウ カトウ ヒロユキ ノ ケンリョク コッカ シソウ ト ゲンプク ノ グンドウ ノ リネン オ チュウシン トシテ

Huang, Jiahua

オオサカ ダイガク ニンゲン カガクブ シャカイガク ニンゲンガク ジンルイガク ケンキュウシツ

英語

「群道」

社会普遍進化論主義

社会有機体

権威主義

Power state

Qundao

social universal evolutionism

social organism

authoritarianism

The modernization in Japan and in China was not accomplished without the acceptance of various foreign cultures and ideas. Especially the role of the western evolutionism cannot be ignored. This paper aims to show the passages of the acceptance of western evolutionism in Japan and China through the comparative perspectives of Japanese Scholar, Hiroyuki kato's idea of power state and Chinese intellectual, YanFu's idea of the "Qundao". Theory of 19th century evolutionist Herbert Spencer had a strong presence in the acceptance of western evolutionism. Not the part of individualism in his assertion attracted Japan and China. This tendency to universal evolutionism reconciled itself to the fact that both states were faced with serious nationalistic crisis at that time. Theoretically anti-authoritarianism induced by social Darwinism, but in practice which propelled authoritarianism. It is this perspective which reflects the real images of Modernization, i.e. the chaotic situations like the establishment of absolutism by Emperor, the fail of democratic movement in Meji ere, Chinese Wuxu political revolution movement in 1898, and the ideological change of the political revolution to the absolutists.

英語