Age-based norms, population aging and inequality in Japan

Naumov, Andriy

doi:https://doi.org/10.18910/6348

Age-based norms, population aging and inequality in Japan

Naumov, Andriy

年報人間科学, 2011, 32, 57-75

アクセス数:337件（2025-07-08 23:19 集計）

固定URL: https://doi.org/10.18910/6348

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タイトル	Age-based norms, population aging and inequality in Japan
	日本における高齢化と社会格差
	ニホンニオケルコウレイカトシャカイカクサ
著者	著者名 Naumov, Andriy
キーワード等	aging
	population
	inequality
	labor dualism
	regional
	高齢化
	格差
	人口
	二極化
	地域
抄録	This paper analyzes challenges Japanese society faces due to population aging, especially the links between aging and rising inequality. Recently increased inequality between age cohorts can be explained by increased numbers in older cohorts. From this basic demographic fact, the paper traces how the effects of aging on inequality extend through household patterns, employment patterns, and regional differences. Analysis of Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare surveys shows links between the increased ratio of older workers and increased inequality due to use of irregular labor. The job-offers-to-seekers ratio (kyuujinbairitsu) was found to be negatively correlated with older population ratio. This suggests that regions with older populations tend to have less employment opportunities for the young, forcing them to migrate. Census data confirm that population of metropolitan areas continues to grow, even though Japan's total population has been declining since 2005. But even metropolitan areas with their below-average birth rates will experience very rapid aging within next two decades. The paper concludes by considering how differences in old-age dependency ratios will affect tax rates, education, tax revenues, welfare, and regional development.
出版者	大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科社会学・人間学・人類学研究室
	オオサカダイガクダイガクインニンゲンカガクケンキュウカシャカイガクニンゲンガクジンルイガクケンキュウシツ
	Sociology, Anthropology and Philosophy, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University
収録物名	年報人間科学
収録物名	Annals of human sciences
巻(号)	32
ページ	57-75
刊行年月	2011-03-31
言語	英語
ハンドルURL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/6348
DOI	https://doi.org/10.18910/6348
PISSN	02865149
NCID	AN0020011X
アクセス権	open access
出版タイプ	Version of Record
カテゴリ	紀要論文 Departmental Bulletin Paper
カテゴリ	年報人間科学 / 第32号

資源タイプ	紀要論文
ローカル資源タイプ	紀要論文
DCMI資源タイプ	text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	年報人間科学. 2011, 32, p. 57-75
DC.title	Age-based norms, population aging and inequality in Japan
	日本における高齢化と社会格差
	ニホンニオケルコウレイカトシャカイカクサ
DC.creator	Naumov, Andriy
DC.publisher	大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科社会学・人間学・人類学研究室
	オオサカダイガクダイガクインニンゲンカガクケンキュウカシャカイガクニンゲンガクジンルイガクケンキュウシツ
	Sociology, Anthropology and Philosophy, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	英語
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2011-03-31
DC.subject	aging
	population
	inequality
	labor dualism
	regional
	高齢化
	格差
	人口
	二極化
	地域
DCTERMS.abstract	This paper analyzes challenges Japanese society faces due to population aging, especially the links between aging and rising inequality. Recently increased inequality between age cohorts can be explained by increased numbers in older cohorts. From this basic demographic fact, the paper traces how the effects of aging on inequality extend through household patterns, employment patterns, and regional differences. Analysis of Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare surveys shows links between the increased ratio of older workers and increased inequality due to use of irregular labor. The job-offers-to-seekers ratio (kyuujinbairitsu) was found to be negatively correlated with older population ratio. This suggests that regions with older populations tend to have less employment opportunities for the young, forcing them to migrate. Census data confirm that population of metropolitan areas continues to grow, even though Japan's total population has been declining since 2005. But even metropolitan areas with their below-average birth rates will experience very rapid aging within next two decades. The paper concludes by considering how differences in old-age dependency ratios will affect tax rates, education, tax revenues, welfare, and regional development.
DC.identifier	10.18910/6348
DC.format	6348
citation_title	Age-based norms, population aging and inequality in Japan
citation_author	Naumov, Andriy
citation_publisher	大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科社会学・人間学・人類学研究室
citation_language	英語
citation_date	2011-03-31
citation_journal_title	年報人間科学
citation_volume	32
citation_firstpage	57
citation_lastpage	75
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/6348
citation_doi_detail	10.18910/6348
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.18910/6348

Age-based norms, population aging and inequality in Japan

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