Rethinking relationships between survivors and volunteers following a disaster : A Disaster Volunteer Center after the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes

サイガイゴ　ノ　ヒサイチ　ニ　オケル　ヒサイシャ　ト　シエンシャ　ノ　カンケイ　ヲ　カンガエル　2016ネン　クマモト　ジシン　ニ　オケル　サイガイ　ボランティア　センター　ノ　ジレイ　カラ

ダイモン, ヒロアキ

Daimon, Hiroaki

渥美, 公秀

アツミ, トモヒデ

Atsumi, Tomohide

サイガイ　ト　キョウセイ　ケンキュウカイ

災害ボランティア

熊本地震

二重の疎外

disaster response

disaster volunteers

the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

double-bind alienation

A Disaster Volunteer Center was established in Mashiki (DVC), a town that was heavily impacted by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake. This paper will focus on the staff of this center, who are members of the Mashiki Social Welfare Council. The authors conducted fieldwork in the DVC using ethnographic methods to examine the relationship between volunteers and survivors. Through this fieldwork, we learned that many welfare council staff in Mashiki were also affected by the earthquake but had to work at the DVC to match volunteers with survivors’ needs. During the early response stage (about 1-2 month), welfare staff worked to support survivors even though they were also survivors; however, they were sometimes compelled to refuse support to survivors due to bureaucratic rules despite understanding their needs. On the whole, the welfare staff had to become supporters of survivors but faced barriers that the rules didn’t satisfy with the needs, while they were also survivors but, by refusing survivors’ needs, failed to fulfill this role. This “double-bind alienation” was observed at the DVC following the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, and this paper identifies the circumstances giving rise to this dilemma in situations where disaster impacts are severe and local disaster workers are forced into role conflict as both survivors and recovery administrators.

渥美, 公秀