Alternative Disaster Volunteers : Beyond the Dichotomy of Help and Being Helped

タスカル　シャカイ　ニ　ムケタ　サイガイ　ボランティア　ユウドウカ　ノ　ドライブ　ノ　カッセイカ

Atsumi, Tomohide

サイガイ　ト　キョウセイ　ケンキュウカイ

秩序化のドライブ

遊動化のドライブ

中動態

〈助かる〉社会

Disaster Volunteers

Drive for Institutionalization

Drive for Nomadization

Middle Voice

A Society with Middle Voice

The present study examined how disaster volunteers led by the drive for institutionalization were, in principle, similar to or dissimilar from those led by the drive for “nomadization.” First, I focused on the “helping” versus “being helped” relationship and found that the drive for institutionalization polarized each relation (i.e., either helping or being helped), whereas the drive for nomadization brought middle-voice relations into the activities of disaster volunteers. This new concept suggested four tactics to realize the middle voice situation, categorized by an unspecified versus specified number of people and institution versus ad hoc relations. Finally, it revealed that tactics without institutionalization had advantages for establishing a society that embodied the middle voice. In conclusion, disaster volunteers led by the drive for nomadaization should be given higher priority than those motivated by the drive for institutionalization.