Gender Problem in Hebrew Grammar in the time of : E. Levita and S. Münster

ヘブライゴ　ブンポウ　ノ　ジェンダー　モンダイ　E　レヴィータ　ト　S　ミュンスター　ノ　ジダイ

テシマ, イザヤ

Teshima, Isaiah

クリスチャン・ヘブライスト

カテゴリー論

Proper noun

E. Levita

S. Münster

During the period of the reformation, Christian Hebraists encountered the Jewish knowledge of Hebrew grammar preserved in the traditions of scripture in Judaism; they were the experts of Greek and Latin grammars but were perplexed by the difference in grammatical conception with their Jewish counterparts. This difference prompted the reinterpretation of Hebrew grammar in terms of their understanding of Latin or Greek grammars. In particular, Petrus Martinius (1530-1594) under the influence of P. Ramus' Latin grammar proposed to organize Hebrew grammar according to a new order of gender, i.e., <Common or Conjunctive> and <simple> to which masculine and feminine belong. The paper claims that the gender system of Martinius may not be possible without the theoretical ground prepared by E. Levita and S. Münster who redefined grammatical genders as the common ground for proper and general noun, which serve as categories of existence. Thus, the collaboation of Jewish and Christian scholars of the 16th century on Hebrew grammar can be appreciated as a stage of the western adaptation of Hebraism.