Hydraulic power project of U.S. federal government in the provinces : Case studies of four early Reclamation Projects

チホウ　カラ　ミタ　アメリカレンポウ　セイフ　ノ　スイリョク　ハツデン　4ツ　ノ　ショキ　ノ　カイコン　ジギョウ　ノ　ジレイ　ブンセキ

水力発電

開墾事業

開墾局

Water resource development

Irrigation

Reclamation Project

Bureau of Reclamation

This paper examines the continuity between nineteenth and early twentieth century public policies of the U.S. federal government with respect to the West. The development of water resources in the West, embarked upon by the federal government in the early twentieth century, has been regarded as an extension of nineteenth century economic development stimulus measures. However, there has been insufficient consideration of hydropower projects, which may have played a different role from supporting economic development, through the suppression of electricity rate by private power companies. This paper looks at the decisions made by Reclamation Bureau in early four Reclamation Projects, in response to the consultation received from the people in each area, to identify their contribution to the control of electricity rates. The results did not confirm the contribution of the bureau to the control of electricity rates and did not observe any characteristics that differed from the measures to support economic development. The continuity of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century federal public policy with respect to the West is also supported by these four case studies. However, this paper also found that the bureau had taken decisions that facilitated the formation of regional monopolies and had prepared a situation in which high electricity rates were likely to be set. The hydroelectric projects of the bureau were a supportive measure for economic development that was an extension of 19th century policy, but they also brought adverse effects.