Anthropological Dualism and Re-unification of Knowledge : A Theoretical Overview from Korean Studies

ジンルイガク ニオケル チシキ ノ ニゲンロン ト サイイチゲンカ カンコク チョウセン ケンキュウ カラ ノ リロンテキ チョウカン

オオタ, シンペイ

Ota, Shimpei

オオサカ ダイガク ダイガクイン ニンゲン カガク ケンキュウカ シャカイガク ニンゲンガク ジンルイガク ケンキュウシツ

Sociology, Anthropology and Philosophy, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University

英語

民俗知識

民衆的認識

ポスト・モダニズム

韓国朝鮮研究

scientific knowledge

folk knowledge

popular recognition

postmodernism

Korean studies

How did they link knowledge and culture in past anthropological works? And how can we think of the relationship of knowledge and culture now? Classical anthropologists used to insisted on monism of knowledge that primitive knowledge would be under evolution forward that of West European rationality . After a few foresighted works and structural-functionalism criticized this monism, anthropological mainstream on the basic idea of knowledge has concentrated the dualism which insists on the separation of scientific knowledge and folk knowledge, reflecting the prevalence of cultural relativism at the same time. Then most of anthropologists have come to face the tide in which they are demanded to devote themselves to folk knowledge studies while it brought the worship of folk knowledge studies also to the other fields of science. On the other hand, studies on scientific knowledge marked a new epoch by the achievements of STS (Science, Technology and Society) studies in limelight, but remarkably most anthropologists keep making light of it for a long time. Recently, however, some postmodernist works of social cultural analyses in two tendencies seem to substitute monism rather for the dualism of knowledge. One mainly focuses on instrumentalism to declare that anthropological works have made a contribution to social revolution as well as they themselves have remained fabrication under a large number of social limitations , while the other regards scientific knowledge which is popularly recognized by the grassroots , as a sort of object to study just like folk knowledge. I intend a preparatory research for future possibility in this review essay, especially of the latter tendency of this re-unification of knowledge - that is to say, studies on popular recognition of science - from the field of contemporary and colonial Korean studies.

英語