Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam

Sugiyama, Yuki; Fukui, Minoru; Kikuchi, Macoto; Hasebe, Katsuya; Nakayama, Akihiro; Nishinari, Katsuhiro; Tadaki, Shin Ichi; Yukawa, Satoshi

doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001

Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam

Sugiyama, Yuki; Fukui, Minoru; Kikuchi, Macoto et al.

New Journal of Physics, 2008, 10, 033001

アクセス数:1,458件（2026-08-02 00:58 集計）

固定URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11094/93262

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タイトル	Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam
著者	NRID 1000020196778 1000020196778 著者名 Sugiyama, Yuki
	NRID 1000040093067 1000040093067 著者名 Fukui, Minoru
	NRID 1000050195210 1000050195210 ORCID 0000-0003-1582-8970 0000-0003-1582-8970 researchmap permalink kikumaco kikumaco Scopus Author ID 36043162900 36043162900 著者名 Kikuchi, Macoto
	NRID 1000090228461 1000090228461 著者名 Hasebe, Katsuya
	NRID 1000060212106 1000060212106 著者名 Nakayama, Akihiro
	NRID 1000040272083 1000040272083 著者名 Nishinari, Katsuhiro
	NRID 1000000202169 1000000202169 著者名 Tadaki, Shin Ichi
	NRID 1000020292899 1000020292899 ORCID 0000-0001-9022-358X 0000-0001-9022-358X researchmap permalink stsykw stsykw Scopus Author ID 7005093769 7005093769 著者名 Yukawa, Satoshi
内容	Sugiyamal Y., Fukui M., Kikuchi M., et al. Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam. New Journal of Physics 10, 033001 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001.
抄録	A traffic jam on a highway is a very familiar phenomenon. From the physical viewpoint, the system of vehicular flow is a non-equilibrium system of interacting particles (vehicles). The collective effect of the many-particle system induces the instability of a free flow state caused by the enhancement of fluctuations, and the transition to a jamming state occurs spontaneously if the average vehicle density exceeds a certain critical value. Thus, a bottleneck is only a trigger and not the essential origin of a traffic jam. In this paper, we present the first experimental evidence that the emergence of a traffic jam is a collective phenomenon like 'dynamical' phase transitions and pattern formation in a non-equilibrium system. We have performed an experiment on a circuit to show the emergence of a jam with no bottleneck. In the initial condition, all the vehicles are moving, homogeneously distributed on the circular road, with the same velocity. The average density of the vehicles is prepared for the onset of the instability. Even a tiny fluctuation grows larger and then the homogeneous movement cannot be maintained. Finally, a jam cluster appears and propagates backward like a solitary wave with the same speed as that of a jam cluster on a highway.
出版者	IOP Publishing
収録物名	New Journal of Physics
巻(号)	10
ページ	033001
刊行年月	2008-03-04
言語	英語
ハンドルURL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/93262
PISSN	13672630
関連情報 (isIdenticalTo)	DOI (出版社版) https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001
アクセス権	open access
権利情報	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
出版タイプ	Version of Record
カテゴリ	学術雑誌論文 Journal Article

資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
ローカル資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
DCMI資源タイプ	text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	New Journal of Physics. 2008, 10, p. 033001
DC.title	Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam
DC.creator	Sugiyama, Yuki
	Fukui, Minoru
	Kikuchi, Macoto
	Hasebe, Katsuya
	Nakayama, Akihiro
	Nishinari, Katsuhiro
	Tadaki, Shin Ichi
	Yukawa, Satoshi
DC.publisher	IOP Publishing
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	英語
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2008-03-04
DC.identifier	https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001
DC.description	Sugiyamal Y., Fukui M., Kikuchi M., et al. Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam. New Journal of Physics 10, 033001 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001.
DCTERMS.abstract	A traffic jam on a highway is a very familiar phenomenon. From the physical viewpoint, the system of vehicular flow is a non-equilibrium system of interacting particles (vehicles). The collective effect of the many-particle system induces the instability of a free flow state caused by the enhancement of fluctuations, and the transition to a jamming state occurs spontaneously if the average vehicle density exceeds a certain critical value. Thus, a bottleneck is only a trigger and not the essential origin of a traffic jam. In this paper, we present the first experimental evidence that the emergence of a traffic jam is a collective phenomenon like 'dynamical' phase transitions and pattern formation in a non-equilibrium system. We have performed an experiment on a circuit to show the emergence of a jam with no bottleneck. In the initial condition, all the vehicles are moving, homogeneously distributed on the circular road, with the same velocity. The average density of the vehicles is prepared for the onset of the instability. Even a tiny fluctuation grows larger and then the homogeneous movement cannot be maintained. Finally, a jam cluster appears and propagates backward like a solitary wave with the same speed as that of a jam cluster on a highway.
DC.rights	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
DC.format	93262
citation_title	Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam
citation_author	Sugiyama, Yuki
	Fukui, Minoru
	Kikuchi, Macoto
	Hasebe, Katsuya
	Nakayama, Akihiro
	Nishinari, Katsuhiro
	Tadaki, Shin Ichi
	Yukawa, Satoshi
citation_publisher	IOP Publishing
citation_language	英語
citation_date	2008-03-04
citation_journal_title	New Journal of Physics
citation_volume	10
citation_firstpage	033001
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/93262

Traffic jams without bottlenecks-experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam

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