紀要論文

紀要論文

text

大阪大学言語文化学. 2024, 33, p. 117-133

日本語

text

2024-03-31

The concept of force dynamics (Talmy 2000) is based on how entities interact with respect to force, which plays a structuring role across a range of language levels. This paper applied the force-dynamic model to the polysemy analysis of a Japanese cutting and breaking verb KIRU (cut), focusing on the force relations in the cutting and breaking events. Three issues were addressed and discussed in this paper: (i) How can the meanings and schemas of KIRU be identified? (ii) How can the correlation between multiple meanings of KIRU be clarified? (iii) How can the semantic structure of KIRU be constructed based on the force-dynamic model? The paper revealed the results as follows. 1) The prototypical meaning of KIRU is <a volitional person> <cut> <a continuous thing> with <a convergent force> and <an edged tool>. Including this prototypical meaning, 15 meanings were extracted. Four meaning patterns are newly classified according to the embodiment of the initial force tendency of the agonist entity (= the object argument) in the force-dynamic model. In addition, a super-schema that can summarize all conceptual images of KIRU was extracted. 2) In addition to the metaphor as suggested by previous studies, this paper introduced force-dynamic parameters to semantic extension mechanisms. 3) Based on the semantic analysis results, the force relations in the verb KIRU were clarified, and the subject and object arguments are in the opposing force statement. Finally, a three-dimensional polysemous structure with gradations was constructed, in which abstract and concrete schemas were simultaneously located. At the same time, this paper demonstrated the possibility and effectiveness of applying force cognition to the semantic analysis of the cutting and breaking verbs. This approach viewed the verb as an axis, the subject argument and the object argument as a pair of opposing force entities, which not only can sort out the semantic relationships between the arguments, but also can give a reasonable explanation of the peripheral usages and co-occurrence restrictions that were difficult to interpret in terms of metaphor alone.

10.18910/97283

97283

力動性モデルに基づく分断・破壊事象を表す動詞「切る」の多義構造研究

王, 鈺

大阪大学言語文化学会

日本語

2024-03-31

大阪大学言語文化学

33

117

133

https://hdl.handle.net/11094/97283

10.18910/97283

https://doi.org/10.18910/97283