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論文情報
タイトル
対人コミュニケーションにおける非言語行動の2者相互影響に関する研究
別タイトル
Mutual influence of nonverbal behavior in interpersonal communication
タイトル (ヨミ)
タイジン コミュニケーション ニ オケル ヒゲンゴ コウドウ ノ 2シャ ソウゴ エイキョウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ
著者
長岡, 千賀
長岡, 千賀
著者の別表記
Nagaoka, Chika
著者 (ヨミ)
ナガオカ, チカ
キーワード等
同調傾向
非言語行動
情動
認知
synchrony tendency
nonverbal behavior
emotion
cognition
抄録
同調傾向とは、対人相互作用場面において、相互作用者の非言語行動が相手のそれと同期・類似する現象である。同調傾向はこれまで多分野でさまざまな関心から個別に研究されており、体系的に概説されてこなかった。そこで本研究では、先行研究を幅広く概観した。まず、これまで研究者ごとに提案されてきた同調傾向を指す用語を整理することにより、同調傾向が人間のコミュニケーション行動のさまざまな性質・側面を映し出すことが示唆された。また同調傾向の生起に関わる要因、ならびに同調傾向がもたらす4つの主な影響について概説した。さらには、Hess, Philippot, & Blairy (1999)のモデルやcommunication accommodation理論(例えば、Shepard, Giles, & LePoire, 2001)、長岡(2003)モデルを手がかりとして、同調傾向の2つの側面を浮き彫りにした。これにより同調傾向が果たす役割について考察するとともに、今後の研究の方向性について議論した。
In social interactions, the interactants' nonverbal behavior may synchronize and become similar. In this study, the author called this phenomenon ‘synchrony tendency’. Since conventional research about this phenomenon has been conducted from various angles separately, there has been almost no attempt to examine the role of synchrony tendency systematically. In this light, the present study aims at reviewing synchrony tendency based on previous studies from various fields and perspectives. The synchrony tendency has been observed in various communication channels, and in various forms, such as interspeaker congruence of paralanguage, convergence of accents in cross-cultural communication, mimicry of other’s facial and vocal emotional expressions, neonate imitation, interpersonal synchrony of body movements, entrainment between a neonate's body movement and the flow of an adult's speech. Therefore, this phenomenon has been labeled with various terms, each one having a specific nuance. Moreover, the synchrony tendency is not always observed in all interactions, and it sensitively changes with various factors, such as the interactants' level of empathy and socialization. For example, the results of my experiments indicate that the convergence of response latencies (i.e., latencies before responding to the last utterance of one's partner) in dialogues reflects whether a speaker is receptive to the conversational partner during the dialogue. All these suggest that the synchrony tendency provides an effective indicator reflecting various aspects of our communication behavior. Various functions of the synchrony tendency in adults’ interactions can be inferred from past literature: (a) it facilitates the understanding of an interactional partner's emotions, (b) it conveys empathy and rapport, and (c) it makes the speakers' personality and attitude feel positive. Furthermore, the results of my experiments showed that the synchrony tendency facilitates goal achievement, such as reaching a compromise through discussion (the speakers whose response latencies became similar over the time course to those of their conversational partners evaluated that they reached a compromise). Past literature along with the results of my own experiments bring to light two aspects of the synchrony tendency: the emotional/automatic/inherent aspect and the cognitive/acquired aspect. Examples that clearly illustrate the former aspect are imitations of facial and vocal emotional expressions and neonate imitation. On the other hand, the cognitive/acquired aspect is illustrated by convergence or congruence of response latencies, vocal intensity, speech duration, language, or accent, and is influenced by social factors. The above-mentioned aspects of the synchrony tendency match Hess, Philippot, & Blairy (1999)’s mimicry model, Giles et al.’s communication accommodation theory (ex. Shepard, Giles, & LePoire, 2001), as well as the author’s speech style convergence model. The speech styles convergence model derived from a series of studies on the convergence of response latencies in dialogues. This model suggests that adopting a partner’s speech style and the output cycle between the interactants being influenced by the speakers’ social skills and attitude towards the partner, this cycle develops over the course of the interaction until the speech styles finally converge to a point most suitable for the members of the dyad to progress smoothly through the dialogue. In the future, it is necessary to investigate quantitatively through which communication channels, and when in the time course of an interaction, the synchrony tendency is displayed.
公開者
大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科対人社会心理学研究室
公開者 (ヨミ)
オオサカ ダイガク ダイガクイン ニンゲン カガク ケンキュウカ タイジン シャカイ シンリガク ケンキュウシツ
掲載誌名
対人社会心理学研究
巻
6
開始ページ
101
終了ページ
112
刊行年月
2006
ISSN
13462857
NCID
AA11550166
URL
http://hdl.handle.net/11094/5842
言語
日本語
DOI
info:doi/10.18910/5842
カテゴリ
紀要論文 Departmental Bulletin Paper
対人社会心理学研究 / 第 6 号
論文詳細を表示
著者版フラグ
publisher
NII資源タイプ
紀要論文
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紀要論文
dcmi資源タイプ
text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation
対人社会心理学研究.6 P.101-P.112
DC.title
対人コミュニケーションにおける非言語行動の2者相互影響に関する研究
DCTERMS.alternative
Mutual influence of nonverbal behavior in interpersonal communication
DC.creator
長岡, 千賀
DC.creator
Nagaoka, Chika
DC.publisher
大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科対人社会心理学研究室
DC.language" scheme="DCTERMS.RFC1766
日本語
DCTERMS.issued" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF
2006
DC.identifier" scheme="DCTERMS.URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11094/5842
DC.subject
同調傾向
非言語行動
情動
認知
synchrony tendency
nonverbal behavior
emotion
cognition
DCTERMS.abstract
同調傾向とは、対人相互作用場面において、相互作用者の非言語行動が相手のそれと同期・類似する現象である。同調傾向はこれまで多分野でさまざまな関心から個別に研究されており、体系的に概説されてこなかった。そこで本研究では、先行研究を幅広く概観した。まず、これまで研究者ごとに提案されてきた同調傾向を指す用語を整理することにより、同調傾向が人間のコミュニケーション行動のさまざまな性質・側面を映し出すことが示唆された。また同調傾向の生起に関わる要因、ならびに同調傾向がもたらす4つの主な影響について概説した。さらには、Hess, Philippot, & Blairy (1999)のモデルやcommunication accommodation理論(例えば、Shepard, Giles, & LePoire, 2001)、長岡(2003)モデルを手がかりとして、同調傾向の2つの側面を浮き彫りにした。これにより同調傾向が果たす役割について考察するとともに、今後の研究の方向性について議論した。
In social interactions, the interactants' nonverbal behavior may synchronize and become similar. In this study, the author called this phenomenon ‘synchrony tendency’. Since conventional research about this phenomenon has been conducted from various angles separately, there has been almost no attempt to examine the role of synchrony tendency systematically. In this light, the present study aims at reviewing synchrony tendency based on previous studies from various fields and perspectives. The synchrony tendency has been observed in various communication channels, and in various forms, such as interspeaker congruence of paralanguage, convergence of accents in cross-cultural communication, mimicry of other’s facial and vocal emotional expressions, neonate imitation, interpersonal synchrony of body movements, entrainment between a neonate's body movement and the flow of an adult's speech. Therefore, this phenomenon has been labeled with various terms, each one having a specific nuance. Moreover, the synchrony tendency is not always observed in all interactions, and it sensitively changes with various factors, such as the interactants' level of empathy and socialization. For example, the results of my experiments indicate that the convergence of response latencies (i.e., latencies before responding to the last utterance of one's partner) in dialogues reflects whether a speaker is receptive to the conversational partner during the dialogue. All these suggest that the synchrony tendency provides an effective indicator reflecting various aspects of our communication behavior. Various functions of the synchrony tendency in adults’ interactions can be inferred from past literature: (a) it facilitates the understanding of an interactional partner's emotions, (b) it conveys empathy and rapport, and (c) it makes the speakers' personality and attitude feel positive. Furthermore, the results of my experiments showed that the synchrony tendency facilitates goal achievement, such as reaching a compromise through discussion (the speakers whose response latencies became similar over the time course to those of their conversational partners evaluated that they reached a compromise). Past literature along with the results of my own experiments bring to light two aspects of the synchrony tendency: the emotional/automatic/inherent aspect and the cognitive/acquired aspect. Examples that clearly illustrate the former aspect are imitations of facial and vocal emotional expressions and neonate imitation. On the other hand, the cognitive/acquired aspect is illustrated by convergence or congruence of response latencies, vocal intensity, speech duration, language, or accent, and is influenced by social factors. The above-mentioned aspects of the synchrony tendency match Hess, Philippot, & Blairy (1999)’s mimicry model, Giles et al.’s communication accommodation theory (ex. Shepard, Giles, & LePoire, 2001), as well as the author’s speech style convergence model. The speech styles convergence model derived from a series of studies on the convergence of response latencies in dialogues. This model suggests that adopting a partner’s speech style and the output cycle between the interactants being influenced by the speakers’ social skills and attitude towards the partner, this cycle develops over the course of the interaction until the speech styles finally converge to a point most suitable for the members of the dyad to progress smoothly through the dialogue. In the future, it is necessary to investigate quantitatively through which communication channels, and when in the time course of an interaction, the synchrony tendency is displayed.
DC.identifier
info:doi/10.18910/5842
citation_title
対人コミュニケーションにおける非言語行動の2者相互影響に関する研究
citation_author
長岡, 千賀
citation_publisher
大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科対人社会心理学研究室
citation_language
日本語
citation_date
2006
citation_journal_title
対人社会心理学研究
citation_volume
6
citation_firstpage
101
citation_lastpage
112
citation_issn
13462857
citation_public_url
http://hdl.handle.net/11094/5842
citation_keywords
同調傾向
非言語行動
情動
認知
synchrony tendency
nonverbal behavior
emotion
cognition
citation_doi
info:doi/10.18910/5842