The genealogy and trends of disaster social science in the United States : From the School of Disaster Research Center

アメリカ　サイガイ　シャカイ　カガク　ノ　ケイフ　ト　ケンキュウ　ドウコウ　サイガイ　ケンキュウ　センター　DRC　ヲ　チュウシン　ト　シタ　レキシテキ　ハイケイ　カラ

ダイモン, ヒロアキ

Daimon, Hiroaki

渥美, 公秀

アツミ, トモヒデ

Atsumi, Tomohide

サイガイ　ト　キョウセイ　ケンキュウカイ

研究動向

アメリカの災害

Disaster Social Science

Research trend

Disaster in the United States

This research takes an historical approach to the study of trends in disaster social science in the United States, especially focusing on studies since the 1960s. The genealogy, focusing mainly on the work conducted at the Disaster Research Center, is summarized by key words of the disaster sciences, then the current line of studies is introduced using two cases of the disasters (the Hurricane Katrina and the September 11 attacks), and finally the trends using keywords are extracted by text-mining method. On the whole, disaster social science in the United States is based on the perspective of “disaster as process (process)” but not “disaster as event” and it is now targeting not only response such as how disaster response groups emerge, but also mid-and long-term recovery phases. However, it is still contested as to whether researchers chose “disaster as process” or not; it is because most disaster social scientists investigate catastrophic “events” and changes the research field from them when the catastrophic other one would happen. The authors point out problems and dangers that this style tends to “bleach” the social, cultural, and historical background and universalize the singular experience that local communities have had.

渥美, 公秀