Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model

Pintos Andreoli, Valentina; Shimadera, Hikari; Yasuga, Hiroto; Koga, Yutaro; Suzuki, Motoharu; Kondo, Akira

doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040614

Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model

Pintos Andreoli, Valentina; Shimadera, Hikari; Yasuga, Hiroto et al.

Water (Switzerland), 2024, 16(4), 614

Number of Access:658（2025-08-15 09:42 Counts）

Identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11094/94890

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Title	Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model
Creator	CreatorName Pintos Andreoli, Valentina
	NRID 1000020647367 1000020647367 ORCID 0000-0002-2233-8446 0000-0002-2233-8446 researchmap permalink hikari_shimadera hikari_shimadera Scopus Author ID 34168355400 34168355400 CreatorName Shimadera, Hikari
	CreatorName Yasuga, Hiroto
	CreatorName Koga, Yutaro
	NRID 1000020446800 1000020446800 CreatorName Suzuki, Motoharu
	NRID 1000020215445 1000020215445 ORCID 0000-0001-8621-2378 0000-0001-8621-2378 researchmap permalink read0014121 read0014121 Scopus Author ID 24466540100 24466540100 CreatorName Kondo, Akira
Subject	COAWST
	numerical simulation
	river’s discharge dynamics
	ROMS
	WRF
Description	Pintos Andreoli V., Shimadera H., Yasuga H., et al. Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model. Water (Switzerland) 16, 614 (2024); https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040614.
Abstract	This study developed a coupled atmospheric–marine model using the COAWST model system for the Harima Nada area between spring 2010 and winter 2011 to evaluate the seasonal influence of the Kako River’s discharge in the sea. The Kako River is one of the largest rivers in southwest Japan, contributing almost half of the freshwater discharged in the Harima Nada region in the Seto Inland Sea. Validation was conducted for the entire period, showing a good performance for the atmospheric and marine variables selected. Multiple experiments injecting an inert tracer in the Kako River estuary were performed to simulate the seasonal river water distribution from the estuary into the sea and to analyze the seasonal differences in concentration patterns and mean residence times in Harima Nada. Because the study area is shallow, the results were evaluated at the surface and 10 m depth layers and showed significant seasonal differences in tracer distribution, circulation patterns, and mean residence times for the region. On the other hand, differences seemed to not be significant during the same season at different depths. The obtained results also agreed with the area’s natural water circulation, showing that the Kako River waters tend to distribute towards the west coast of Harima Nada in the warmer seasons but shift towards the east in winter. The influence of the Kako River in the center of the study area is seasonal and strongly dependent on the direction of the horizontal velocities more than their magnitude. The mean residence times varied seasonally from approximately 30 days in spring to 12 days in fall. The magnitude of the horizontal velocity was found to be maximum during summer when circulation patterns at the surface and 10 m depth in the central part of Harima Nada also seem to promote the strongest horizontal and vertical mixes.
Publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Source Title	Water (Switzerland)
Volume (Issue)	16(4)
Page	614
Date of Issued	2024-02-19
Language	English
Handle URL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/94890
eISSN	20734441
Relation.isIdenticalTo	DOI (Publisher Version) https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040614
Access Rights	open access
CopyRight	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
oaire:version	Version of Record
Category	学術雑誌論文 Journal Article

Resource Type	journal article
Local Type	Journal Article
DCMI Type	Text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	Water (Switzerland). 2024, 16(4), p. 614
DC.title	Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model
DC.creator	Pintos Andreoli, Valentina
	Shimadera, Hikari
	Yasuga, Hiroto
	Koga, Yutaro
	Suzuki, Motoharu
	Kondo, Akira
DC.publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	English
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	Text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2024-02-19
DC.identifier	https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040614
DC.subject	COAWST
	numerical simulation
	river’s discharge dynamics
	ROMS
	WRF
DC.description	Pintos Andreoli V., Shimadera H., Yasuga H., et al. Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model. Water (Switzerland) 16, 614 (2024); https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040614.
DCTERMS.abstract	This study developed a coupled atmospheric–marine model using the COAWST model system for the Harima Nada area between spring 2010 and winter 2011 to evaluate the seasonal influence of the Kako River’s discharge in the sea. The Kako River is one of the largest rivers in southwest Japan, contributing almost half of the freshwater discharged in the Harima Nada region in the Seto Inland Sea. Validation was conducted for the entire period, showing a good performance for the atmospheric and marine variables selected. Multiple experiments injecting an inert tracer in the Kako River estuary were performed to simulate the seasonal river water distribution from the estuary into the sea and to analyze the seasonal differences in concentration patterns and mean residence times in Harima Nada. Because the study area is shallow, the results were evaluated at the surface and 10 m depth layers and showed significant seasonal differences in tracer distribution, circulation patterns, and mean residence times for the region. On the other hand, differences seemed to not be significant during the same season at different depths. The obtained results also agreed with the area’s natural water circulation, showing that the Kako River waters tend to distribute towards the west coast of Harima Nada in the warmer seasons but shift towards the east in winter. The influence of the Kako River in the center of the study area is seasonal and strongly dependent on the direction of the horizontal velocities more than their magnitude. The mean residence times varied seasonally from approximately 30 days in spring to 12 days in fall. The magnitude of the horizontal velocity was found to be maximum during summer when circulation patterns at the surface and 10 m depth in the central part of Harima Nada also seem to promote the strongest horizontal and vertical mixes.
DC.rights	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
DC.format	94890
citation_title	Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model
citation_author	Pintos Andreoli, Valentina
	Shimadera, Hikari
	Yasuga, Hiroto
	Koga, Yutaro
	Suzuki, Motoharu
	Kondo, Akira
citation_publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
citation_language	English
citation_date	2024-02-19
citation_journal_title	Water (Switzerland)
citation_volume	16
citation_issue	4
citation_firstpage	614
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040614
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/94890

Seasonal Study of the Kako River Discharge Dynamics into Harima Nada Using a Coupled Atmospheric–Marine Model

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