インドの「緑の革命」、世界銀行と1970年代の石油危機 : 化学肥料問題を中心に

秋田, 茂

doi:https://doi.org/10.32312/transasiapacific.25.1_3

インドの「緑の革命」、世界銀行と1970年代の石油危機 : 化学肥料問題を中心に

秋田, 茂

アジア太平洋論叢, 2023, 25, 3-21

Number of Access:885（2025-12-08 07:05 Counts）

Identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11094/95099

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Title	インドの「緑の革命」、世界銀行と1970年代の石油危機 : 化学肥料問題を中心に
	‘Green Revolution’ in India, the World Bank and the Oil Crises : Focusing on Chemical Fertilizer Problems
	インド　ノ　ミドリ　ノ　カクメイ　セカイ　ギンコウ　ト　1970ネンダイ　ノ　セキユ　キキ　カガク　ヒリョウ　モンダイ　ヲ　チュウシン　ニ
Creator	NRID 1000010175789 1000010175789 CreatorName 秋田, 茂 ; Akita, Shigeru ; アキタ, シゲル
Subject	Green Revolution
	oil crises
	the World Bank
	the IMF
	chemical fertilizer
Description	論文
Abstract	This article reconsiders the progress of the ‘Green Revolution’ or agricultural development in India in the 1970s and its relation to the oil crises. How could India achieve de-facto self-sufficiency in food production in the 1970s given the critical constraints of the oil crises? What factors contributed to the progress of agricultural development in the 1970s? In the middle of the 1960s, India managed to overcome a serious ‘food crisis’ through international aid, especially US food-aid under PL480. During this crisis, the Indian government changed policy priorities regarding economic development, turning from heavy industrialization to agricultural development. However, in 1973-74, India faced another critical economic situation, which led to the shortage of the most basic requisite for agricultural development: chemical fertilizers, a major product of the petrochemical industries. How could the Indian government overcome this shortage given the global economic crisis? The author pays attention to external economic aid to India, especially from the World Bank group (the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: IBRD and the International Development Association: IDA), led by its President Robert McNamara [1968-1981]. After the First Oil Crisis, India quickly overcame a critical economic situation by expanding exports and invisible incomes. India recorded exceptionally favourable balance of trades between 1974-75 and 1976-77. This steady growth again suddenly reversed in 1979 at the time of the Second Oil Crisis. At this critical juncture, Indian government skillfully took advantage of the largest lending of the IMF and maintained a unique independent stance against the ‘Structural Adjustment’ policies.
Publisher	大阪大学グローバルイニシアティブ機構
Publisher	Osaka University Center for Global Initiatives
Source Title	アジア太平洋論叢
Source Title	Bulletin of Asia-Pacific studies
Volume (Issue)	25
Page	3-21
Date of Issued	2023-03-30
Language	Japanese
Handle URL	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/95099
PISSN	13466224
eISSN	24349054
NCID	AA11562992
Relation.isIdenticalTo	DOI (Publisher Version) https://doi.org/10.32312/transasiapacific.25.1_3
Access Rights	open access
oaire:version	Version of Record
Category	紀要論文 Departmental Bulletin Paper
Category	Bulletin of Asia-Pacific studies / Vol.25

Resource Type	departmental bulletin paper
Local Type	Departmental Bulletin Paper
DCMI Type	Text
DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation	アジア太平洋論叢. 2023, 25, p. 3-21
DC.title	インドの「緑の革命」、世界銀行と1970年代の石油危機 : 化学肥料問題を中心に
	‘Green Revolution’ in India, the World Bank and the Oil Crises : Focusing on Chemical Fertilizer Problems
	インド　ノ　ミドリ　ノ　カクメイ　セカイ　ギンコウ　ト　1970ネンダイ　ノ　セキユ　キキ　カガク　ヒリョウ　モンダイ　ヲ　チュウシン　ニ
DC.creator	秋田, 茂
	Akita, Shigeru
	アキタ, シゲル
DC.publisher	大阪大学グローバルイニシアティブ機構
DC.publisher	Osaka University Center for Global Initiatives
DC.language' scheme='DCTERMS.RFC1766	Japanese
DC.type' scheme='DCTERMS.DCMIType	Text
DCTERMS.issued' scheme='DCTERMS.W3CDTF	2023-03-30
DC.identifier	https://doi.org/10.32312/transasiapacific.25.1_3
DC.subject	Green Revolution
	oil crises
	the World Bank
	the IMF
	chemical fertilizer
DC.description	論文
DCTERMS.abstract	This article reconsiders the progress of the ‘Green Revolution’ or agricultural development in India in the 1970s and its relation to the oil crises. How could India achieve de-facto self-sufficiency in food production in the 1970s given the critical constraints of the oil crises? What factors contributed to the progress of agricultural development in the 1970s? In the middle of the 1960s, India managed to overcome a serious ‘food crisis’ through international aid, especially US food-aid under PL480. During this crisis, the Indian government changed policy priorities regarding economic development, turning from heavy industrialization to agricultural development. However, in 1973-74, India faced another critical economic situation, which led to the shortage of the most basic requisite for agricultural development: chemical fertilizers, a major product of the petrochemical industries. How could the Indian government overcome this shortage given the global economic crisis? The author pays attention to external economic aid to India, especially from the World Bank group (the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: IBRD and the International Development Association: IDA), led by its President Robert McNamara [1968-1981]. After the First Oil Crisis, India quickly overcame a critical economic situation by expanding exports and invisible incomes. India recorded exceptionally favourable balance of trades between 1974-75 and 1976-77. This steady growth again suddenly reversed in 1979 at the time of the Second Oil Crisis. At this critical juncture, Indian government skillfully took advantage of the largest lending of the IMF and maintained a unique independent stance against the ‘Structural Adjustment’ policies.
DC.format	95099
citation_title	インドの「緑の革命」、世界銀行と1970年代の石油危機 : 化学肥料問題を中心に
citation_author	秋田, 茂
citation_publisher	大阪大学グローバルイニシアティブ機構
citation_language	Japanese
citation_date	2023-03-30
citation_journal_title	アジア太平洋論叢
citation_volume	25
citation_firstpage	3
citation_lastpage	21
citation_doi	https://doi.org/10.32312/transasiapacific.25.1_3
citation_public_url	https://hdl.handle.net/11094/95099

インドの「緑の革命」、世界銀行と1970年代の石油危機 : 化学肥料問題を中心に

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